Karlovo. Information About Towns in Bulgaria

The national museum Vasil Levski and the museum of history are among the most often visited places where the guests of the town can be acquainted with the history of Karlovo.
The museum of history is in the building of the former five-grade school for boys one of the most representative architectural monuments from the time of the Bulgarian Revival. During its 100 years existence the museum of history has kept monuments of culture from ancient times to the present day, including the wide diversity of crafts that flourished here; very attractive are the mummers costumes connected with the traditional festival in Karlovo.The national museum Vasil Levski is situated in the western part of Karlovo on the road to Sopot. The house where the great Apostle of Freedom was born still preserves the spirit of the ancient times. Hidden behind its high white wall, huddled among shrubs and vines, with cobbled paved yard, flower gardens and stone fountains, it accurately preserves the atmosphere of the old days. The house was restored in its original form and was opened as a museum in year 1937. It became one of the most attractive and often visited memorial places in Bulgaria.Especially attractive and interesting for tourists is the old town with its 115 houses and monuments of culture. Spacious and functional, the houses are of high architectural value and still preserve the charm of the old days. In the centre of the old town, at the square between the two churches, stands the impressive monument of Vasil Levski, built in 1907. Both churches reflect the grown national self-esteem of Karlovo's citizens during the Revival. After the Liberation, imposing bell towers were built next to the churches.

Festivities

Karlovo is a centre of celebration of many local, regional and national holidays. A great tourist attraction is the Rose festival as well as the Mummers (Kukeri) day celebration. The Mummers days are traditionally celebrated on the first week before Lent. At that time Mummers from the whole region gather in Karlovo to present their colourful costumes, masques and ritual dances.The Day of the Rose has been celebrated in Karlovo for nearly a century already. The festival takes place on the day of the Holy Spirit, when roses are in their full blossom. The tradition has been enriched through the years and nowadays it is celebrated with concerts, many cultural events. The whole town is decorated with rose wreaths and the wonderful fragrance of the world famous Bulgarian rose fills the air. The ritual rose picking is demonstrated in the rose fields outside the town. Boys and girls dressed in colourfully embroidered national costumes gather and dance under the sounds of Bulgarian folk music. From the rose garden the celebration moves to the central square of Karlovo where through a competition the Queen of Roses is chosen. Then follows the folklore part of the celebration in which the most famous folklore singers and dancing groups from the region take part. The exciting ceremony ends with a ring dance. Splendid fireworks accompany the final concert in the evening.

Geographical formations

Part of the territory is plain and an undulating one with above seal-level height of 260 m, near the village of Banya it is to 500 m. in the north-west and the east areas. The entire northern side of the valley is occupied by the south mountain flanks and the ridge of the Central Balkan. The outline of the crest has an undulating surface, with flowing passages between the peaks, among the chain of which Vezhen peak (2198) and the mountain patron peak Botev stand out. Between the deeply cut into the massif Old and White river the peak of Ravnets stands out, and to the west - Zhaltenets, Krastsite, Golyam Kupen and Ambaritsa raise up. To the south of Botev peak an almost vertical precipice goes down, where South Dzhandem is located. To the south the valley is enclosed by the slant slopes of Sredna gora, which is lowered to the valley near by the village of Banya and makes a passage for the river of Stryama toward Plovdiv plain

Climate

The climate is temperately continental, in comparison to the other Balkan lowland plains, rather milder and warmer. The average annual temperature is 11.4 C. The mountain massif to the north is a barrier for the cold winds and the winding about gorges and canyons in combination with the low mountain defence to the south and the wide outlet of the Stryama river, are a natural regulator for the atmospheric flows. The temperature inversions are rare. The winter is comparatively milder - the average January temperature is between 0 and - 1 C. The days with a steady snow cover are 25 to 30 days. The summer is temperately warm - about 60 days with an average temperature 20 C and about 15 days with an average temperature 25 C. The maximal temperature in July varies between 34 C and 36 C. The average quantity of the rainfalls is 653 mm/sq.m. Their maximum is in May - 82mm/sq.m. average for the month, and their minimum is in February and March. The snowfalls are rather less in comparison with the other Balkan lowland plains. Frequent events are the thunder storms and hailstorms during the summer season. Rarely mists fall, and they are neither steady nor tick ones. The completely cloudy days during the year are totally no more than 70.

Soil and mineral resources

Considering the geologic and tectonic structure of the valley, it is a complicated ridge, formed by Pliocene and quaternary fragments of alluvial and semi-alluvial type. Pliocene sediments, in form of clay sands alternations, sandy clays, alevrites, clays, law capacity metal and brown coals with total capacity more that 100 thousand tons. Reserves of the coals are classified into a category B + C, but no development of the deposit is forecasted in the future.Several mineral springs spout out in the lowest part of the valley in a fault line, which passes along the northern low lands of Sredna Gora. Near the village of Banya they become nine in number, four of which are with unique water healing virtues. There are thermal springs near by the village of Stolevovo, the town of Klisura and near by the village of Kliment.
Water resources The rivers Tundzha, Stryama and Byala pass through the municipal territory. With their numerous feeders they provide approximately good conditions for satisfying the needs for drinking water, water for industrial needs and for watering. A well fitted water supplying system for all the settlements in the municipality is established. In terms of proper management its capacity may satisfy the real necessities of the population, industry and agriculture. A valuable possession for the municipality are the mineral springs with unique healing properties of the water .

Flora and fauna.

The southern slopes of the Balkan above the town of Karlovo are bare and an insignificant part of them is covered with high-stem forests. Most widely spread are the beech-tree and the pine trees, artificially planted. More often met are the hazel bush, the hawthorn, the spindle-tree and the brier. Out of Stara reka's canyon low-stemmed forests composed by horn beam, oak-tree, cornel-tree and bushes are spread out. The mountain ridge is covered by grass, which forms wide alpine pastures. In Sredna gora the oak-tree and the beech-tree are more often spread. Among the cultivated plants the oleaginous rose, the lavender and the mint are well flourished. Excellent are the conditions for the vineyards and the fruit trees - the chestnut tree, the fig-tree, the walnut tree and the almond tree, as well as for the grain cultivations, the sunflower, potatoes and peanuts. The valley and its surroundings are not distinguished with a specific variety concerning the fauna. Together with the wild boar and the doe, in the more inapproachable areas and the reserves the deer and the wild goat are to be found. Significant is the population of the jackal and the fox. Among the feathered animals the partridge and the quail are wide spread. The rivers have been teemed with fish, but today its quantities are limited. Still trout, barbel and chub are to be met and in the artificial basins.

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